Do Not Travel Warning 2026: 21 Countries Under U.S. Level-4 Advisory

Stay informed. Stay safe. Before planning your next international trip, it’s essential to understand the destinations currently facing severe conflict, instability, terrorism, or humanitarian collapse. For 2026, the U.S. Department of State has issued its highest-level alert — Level 4: Do Not Travel — for the following 21 countries.

Countries Under Level-4 “Do Not Travel” Warning:

1. Afghanistan
2. Belarus
3. Burkina Faso
4. Myanmar (Burma)
5. Central African Republic (CAR)
6. Gaza (Palestinian Territories)
7. Haiti
8. Iran
9. Iraq
10. Lebanon
11. Libya
12. Mali
13. Niger
14. North Korea
15. Russia
16. Somalia
17. South Sudan
18. Sudan
19. Syria
20. Venezuela
21. Yemen

Why These Countries Are Ranked Level-4

Each of these destinations faces one or more of the following severe risks:

• Active war or conflict
• Terrorist attacks & insurgencies
• Government collapse or dictatorship
• Kidnapping of foreign nationals
• Wrongful detention of U.S. citizens
• Humanitarian crises or famine
• Dangerous infrastructure conditions
• No U.S. consular access

A Guide Built for Safety

This article provides country-by-country, in-depth analysis explaining why each destination is considered unsafe in 2026. Whether you’re a traveler, researcher, journalist, or global safety advocate — this resource ensures you have the facts needed to make informed decisions.

1. Afghanistan

Afghanistan remains one of the most dangerous and unstable countries in the world, and the U.S. Department of State has maintained its Level 4 — Do Not Travel advisory due to a combination of political collapse, terrorism, armed conflict, and a lack of basic consular services. Since the withdrawal of U.S. forces and the Taliban’s takeover in August 2021, the country has experienced significant shifts in governance, security, and civilian safety, leaving travelers—especially Western nationals—highly vulnerable.

Government Collapse & Taliban Rule

One of the primary reasons for the advisory is the absence of a recognized, stable government. The Taliban now governs Afghanistan, but internal power struggles, ideological differences, and a lack of institutional control have created an unpredictable environment. U.S. citizens, journalists, NGO workers, and dual nationals are at high risk of being detained without cause. There have been multiple documented cases of foreigners being interrogated, detained, or used for political leverage.

High Terrorism Threat

The terrorism threat in Afghanistan remains extremely high. Groups such as ISIS-K (Islamic State Khorasan Province) have carried out frequent attacks in Kabul, Mazar-i-Sharif, and other major cities. Suicide bombings, targeted killings, attacks on religious sites, and explosions in public areas continue to be reported. Militants also target foreigners deliberately, which makes travel exceptionally dangerous.

Kidnapping & Wrongful Detention

Foreign nationals face an extreme risk of kidnapping by criminal groups, insurgents, or even factions within the Taliban. Many kidnappings occur for ransom, political messages, or bargaining with foreign governments. The U.S. government cannot intervene inside Afghanistan because there is no functioning U.S. embassy or consulate operating in the country. This means that any U.S. citizen detained or kidnapped would receive zero direct assistance, making travel life-threatening.

Lack of Medical and Emergency Services

Afghanistan’s healthcare system has collapsed dramatically. Hospitals face shortages of medicine, equipment, and trained staff. Emergency response services are weak or nonexistent. Travelers would struggle to obtain basic medical care for common illnesses, let alone serious emergencies. Roadside bombs, landmines, and damaged infrastructure further increase physical danger.

Unpredictable Military Activity & Internal Conflict

Although the Taliban claims control over Afghanistan, violent clashes with resistance groups, tribal fighters, and ISIS-K occur regularly. Airstrikes, ambushes, and firefights can erupt without warning.

2. Belarus

Belarus is under a Level 4 – Do Not Travel advisory from the U.S. Department of State due to an increasingly authoritarian political environment, arbitrary detentions, alignment with Russia in the ongoing Ukraine conflict, and severe restrictions on civil liberties. The combination of these factors has made Belarus a highly unpredictable and unsafe destination for foreign travelers, especially Americans.

Authoritarian Government & Human Rights Violations

Belarus is ruled by President Alexander Lukashenko, who has maintained tight control over the country for nearly three decades. Since the disputed 2020 presidential election, the Belarusian government has aggressively cracked down on political opponents, activists, journalists, and even ordinary citizens. These actions have created an environment where anyone—foreigners included—may be stopped, questioned, detained, or expelled without due process.

The government’s use of force, widespread surveillance, and a near-total absence of judicial independence mean foreigners have no legal protections if something goes wrong.

Arbitrary Detentions of Foreign Nationals

One of the biggest reasons for the U.S. warning is the high risk of wrongful or arbitrary detention. The Belarusian government has detained foreigners, including those accused of “political activity,” “spreading misinformation,” or simply being present near protests or sensitive locations. Americans traveling in Belarus could be arrested under vague national security or anti-extremism laws.

Alignment With Russia & Regional Instability

Belarus has openly supported Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine by allowing Russian troops, equipment, and missiles to operate from Belarusian territory. This military cooperation places Belarus at the center of a volatile regional conflict.

This proximity to war brings multiple risks:

• Increased military activity
• Possible border closures
• Airspace restrictions
• Heightened surveillance of foreigners
• Potential retaliatory actions or cyberattacks

Travelers could get caught between Belarusian and Russian military operations or face restrictions during sudden escalations.

Unpredictable Law Enforcement & No U.S. Embassy Support

Belarusian security services—the KGB, OMON riot police, and internal affairs units—operate with broad authority and little accountability. Foreigners may be:

• Stopped and searched
• Forced to provide electronic device access
• Questioned about political opinions
• Detained without legal representation

Importantly, the U.S. Embassy in Minsk suspended operations in 2022, meaning there is no consular help inside Belarus. American citizens facing legal trouble or detention would receive extremely limited support.

Border Tensions & Conflict Zones

Several border areas, especially those near Ukraine, Lithuania, and Poland, are heavily militarized. Belarus has also participated in political pressure campaigns involving migrants along the European border, creating chaotic and dangerous conditions.

3. Burkina Faso

Burkina Faso is under a Level 4 – Do Not Travel warning from the U.S. Department of State due to the country’s severe and rapidly deteriorating security situation. Over the last few years, Burkina Faso has become one of the most dangerous countries in West Africa, facing widespread terrorist attacks, armed insurgencies, kidnappings, lawlessness, and political instability. The U.S. government stresses that it cannot guarantee assistance for U.S. citizens in the event of an emergency.

Escalating Terrorism & Widespread Insurgent Presence

The most significant threat in Burkina Faso is the rise of jihadist and extremist groups, including affiliates of Al-Qaeda and ISIS. These groups are active across the northern, eastern, and western regions of the country and increasingly in central areas as well. Attacks occur frequently and unpredictably, targeting villages, markets, buses, military posts, and even main highways.

These attacks may involve:

• Improvised explosive devices (IEDs)
• Ambushes on vehicles
• Suicide bombings
• Mass killings in rural communities
• Kidnapping of locals and foreigners
  

Some incidents have specifically targeted NGOs, foreign workers, aid agencies, and business travelers.

Extremely High Kidnapping Risk

Kidnapping has become a major financial strategy for militant groups. Foreign nationals—including Americans, Europeans, and humanitarian workers—have been abducted and, in many cases, held for ransom or killed. Travel by road, even between major cities, carries a very high risk due to highway ambushes and checkpoints run by militants or criminal gangs.

Because the U.S. Embassy has limited ability to operate outside the capital, any kidnapping case would be extremely difficult to resolve.

Two Military Coups & Political Instability

In 2022, Burkina Faso experienced two military coups in the same year, signaling deep political fragmentation. The army currently leads the government, but it struggles to maintain control over large portions of the country.

Political instability has resulted in:

• Shifting alliances within the military
• Reduced national security coordination
• Frequent protests and clashes in urban areas
• Declining trust in government institutions

The instability makes it nearly impossible for authorities to guarantee traveler safety.

Humanitarian Crisis & Lack of Basic Services

Over two million people have been displaced due to attacks, creating a severe humanitarian crisis. Essential services such as health care, electricity, and safe drinking water are limited or unavailable in many regions. Traveling outside of major cities—especially at night—is extremely dangerous.

Medical facilities are under-equipped, and many regions are inaccessible to emergency responders. If a foreign traveler faces illness or injury, professional medical help may be unavailable.

Limited U.S. Government Assistance

Due to security conditions, the U.S. Embassy in Ouagadougou has restricted movement for its own staff. This means the embassy cannot assist travelers in most parts of the country, especially in crisis zones.

4. Myanmar (Burma)

Myanmar, also known as Burma, remains under a Level 4 – Do Not Travel advisory due to the country’s ongoing civil war, political instability, widespread armed conflict, severe human rights violations, and the near-collapse of basic government services. Since the military coup in February 2021, Myanmar has become one of the most volatile and dangerous countries in Asia, making it extremely unsafe for foreign travelers, especially U.S. citizens.

Military Coup & National Political Breakdown

In 2021, the Myanmar military (known as the Tatmadaw) overthrew the democratically elected government, imprisoning key leaders including Aung San Suu Kyi. This event triggered mass protests, violent crackdowns, and the rise of multiple armed resistance movements.

The resulting political landscape includes:

• A military dictatorship with absolute control
• Armed resistance groups fighting the junta
• Widespread use of force against civilians
• Unpredictable clashes in both rural and urban regions
  

Because of this instability, foreign travelers may be detained, questioned, or caught in sudden outbreaks of violence.

Continuous Armed Conflict & Violence

Myanmar is witnessing one of the most active and complex civil wars in the world. Multiple ethnic armed organizations and anti-junta resistance forces fight daily battles against military forces.

This conflict includes:

• Airstrikes on villages and towns
• Heavy artillery fire
• Bombings in public areas
• Drone attacks
• Checkpoints run by different armed groups

Major cities like Yangon and Mandalay are no longer consistently safe, and roadside bombings, assassinations, and raids have become common.

Human Rights Abuses & Arbitrary Arrests

The Tatmadaw has a long history of human rights violations, and conditions have worsened since the coup. Security forces detain individuals without cause, conduct door-to-door searches, and violently suppress anyone suspected of political involvement.

Foreign nationals may be:

• Arrested for photographing sensitive sites
• Searched at military checkpoints
• Accused of spreading false information
• Detained during protests or bombings

The judicial system is fully controlled by the military, leaving detainees with no legal protections and extremely limited access to consular support.

Terrorism, Insurgent Activity & Criminal Groups

In addition to military conflict, multiple insurgent organizations operate across the country. These groups may kidnap, extort, or attack civilians, including foreigners. Criminal networks also run trafficking operations, targeting tourists near border regions.

Collapse of Healthcare, Transportation & Emergency Services

Myanmar’s infrastructure has deteriorated sharply:

• Hospitals lack medicine and trained personnel
• Airports experience irregular service or shutdowns
• Internet and mobile networks are frequently blocked
• Roads are unsafe due to fighting, landmines, and checkpoints
  

If a traveler gets sick, injured, or caught in conflict, emergency assistance may be unavailable.

Limited U.S. Embassy Access

Embassy staff have severe movement restrictions. The U.S. government cannot safely access many regions of Myanmar, meaning travelers should not expect evacuation or rescue during emergencies.

5. Central African Republic 

The Central African Republic (CAR) is under a strict Level 4 – Do Not Travel advisory from the U.S. Department of State due to persistent violence, widespread militia activity, weak governance, rampant crime, and an extremely fragile security environment. Despite several peace agreements, CAR remains one of the most dangerous and unstable countries in Africa, with frequent clashes between armed groups and almost no state control outside the capital, Bangui.

Widespread Armed Conflict & Militia Control

The biggest reason for the U.S. travel warning is the presence of numerous armed groups, including anti-Balaka militias, ex-Seleka factions, and criminal warlords operating across the country. These groups control large territories outside the capital and engage in:

• Attacks on civilians
• Banditry and looting
• Kidnapping-for-ransom operations
• Targeted killings
• Road ambushes

Travelers risk being caught in crossfire, ambushed on roads, or detained at illegal checkpoints run by rebels.

Political Instability & Weak Government Authority

The government of CAR is extremely weak, surviving largely with the help of international peacekeepers and foreign military contractors. Government forces have limited reach, and state institutions such as police, courts, and healthcare systems are almost non-functional in many regions.

This means:

• Crimes go unpunished
• Travelers have no legal protections
• Warlords and criminal networks act freely
• Government forces may not respond to emergencies

Foreign nationals may be mistaken for political actors, journalists, or intelligence workers, increasing the risk of being targeted.

Violence in Urban & Rural Areas

While some stability exists in parts of Bangui, violence can erupt suddenly. Outside the capital, conditions worsen dramatically:

• Villages are attacked and burned
• Roads are blocked by armed militias
• Landmines and explosives are hidden along major routes
• Aid workers have repeatedly been killed or kidnapped

The UN considers many regions “no-go zones.”

Crime, Robbery & Kidnapping Risks

Armed robbery, carjacking, home invasions, and assaults are common. Foreigners, particularly Westerners, are viewed as valuable targets. Kidnapping-for-ransom is widespread, with victims sometimes held for months in remote camps.

Humanitarian Collapse

CAR faces one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises. Over half the population relies on aid. Extreme poverty, food shortages, malnutrition, and lack of clean water create an environment where resources are limited and tensions remain high.

Medical care is severely limited:

• Hospitals lack equipment and medicines
• Emergency surgeries often cannot be performed
• Medical evacuations may be impossible due to insecurity

Limited U.S. Government Assistance

The U.S. Embassy in CAR has severely restricted movement and cannot operate normally. If an American citizen is detained, kidnapped, or injured:

• Emergency evacuation may not be possible
• Consular officers may not reach the area
• Military rescue support is extremely limited

This lack of assistance is a major factor behind the Level 4 warning.

6. Gaza 

Gaza remains one of the most dangerous and unstable regions in the world, prompting the U.S. Department of State to issue a strict Level 4 – Do Not Travel warning. The area is affected by ongoing military conflict, severe humanitarian crises, political instability, and an almost complete lack of safe infrastructure. These conditions pose extreme risks to all foreign nationals, including Americans, making travel to Gaza highly unsafe under any circumstances.

Active Armed Conflict & Continuous Escalation

Gaza is frequently involved in violent hostilities involving the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), Hamas, and other militant groups. These confrontations result in:

• Airstrikes and artillery fire
• Drone attacks
• Rocket launches
• Urban warfare
• Large-scale military operations

These events occur unpredictably, without warning, and often escalate rapidly. Civilians, including foreigners, may be caught in crossfire or targeted areas.

Severe Risk to Foreign Nationals

Foreign visitors face immense danger due to:

• Indiscriminate bombings
• Missile strikes on residential and commercial buildings
• Destruction of roads, vehicles, and essential services
• The presence of militant groups who may detain or interrogate outsiders

Media reporters, aid workers, and independent visitors are often restricted or monitored, and in some cases detained or prevented from leaving.

Border Closures & Movement Restrictions

Gaza has extremely limited points of entry and exit:

• Erez Crossing (Israel): Frequently closed; requires strict permission
• Rafah Crossing (Egypt): Opens irregularly; humanitarian-operated
• Sea & air travel: Not available for public use

During escalations, borders may remain closed for weeks or months. Foreign nationals may become trapped inside Gaza, unable to exit even in emergencies.

Collapse of Infrastructure & Essential Services

Years of conflict have created a massive humanitarian crisis. Gaza suffers from:

• Severe electricity shortages (often only 2–6 hours of power per day)
• Damaged or destroyed hospitals
• Unsafe drinking water
• Contaminated sewage systems
• Extremely limited emergency medical care

Hospitals frequently run out of essential supplies, meaning that even minor medical conditions can become life-threatening. Emergency evacuations are often impossible during conflict.

Presence of Militant Groups & Internal Instability

Hamas controls governance in Gaza, while other organizations—including Palestinian Islamic Jihad—operate armed wings. These groups may:

• Conduct operations near civilian buildings
• Use areas as launching sites for rockets
• Engage in arrests or questioning of foreigners
• Operate internal checkpoints

Navigating through such areas presents a high risk of being mistaken for a spy or hostile actor.

Danger from Unexploded Ordnance (UXO)

Due to repeated conflict cycles, unexploded bombs, missiles, and shells remain buried under rubble or in open areas. This presents a direct physical danger, especially in areas recently struck.

No U.S. Consular Access

The U.S. government cannot provide direct assistance in Gaza. U.S. consular officers cannot enter the region to help in cases of arrest, injury, or emergency evacuation. This lack of support further reinforces the Level 4 warning.

7. Haiti

Haiti is under a Level 4 – Do Not Travel advisory from the U.S. Department of State due to an unprecedented collapse of public security, the takeover of major urban areas by armed gangs, political instability, rampant violent crime, kidnappings, and the breakdown of essential government services. Haiti is currently facing one of the most severe internal security crises in the Western Hemisphere, making the country extraordinarily dangerous for travelers—especially U.S. citizens.

Complete Breakdown of Public Security & Gang Control

The heart of the U.S. warning is Haiti’s widespread gang dominance, particularly in Port-au-Prince, where gangs control over 80% of the metropolitan area. These gangs operate with military-style weapons and conduct:

• Road blockades
• Territorial warfare
• House raids
• Looting and ransom operations
  Shootings and violent kidnappings

Gangs enforce their own “laws,” operate checkpoints, and often open fire in populated areas. Foreign nationals can be targeted intentionally because they are perceived as high-value kidnapping victims.

Kidnappings at Extreme Levels

Haiti has one of the highest kidnapping rates in the world. Criminal groups abduct:

• Foreigners
• Missionaries
• NGO personnel
• Business travelers
• Local civilians

Victims are often held for weeks or months, subjected to violence, and released only after substantial ransom payments. Some victims do not survive. The U.S. government stresses that American citizens face a very high risk of being kidnapped anywhere in Port-au-Prince or during road travel.

Political Collapse & Leadership Vacuum

Since the assassination of President Jovenel Moïse in 2021, Haiti has had no elected president, no functioning parliament, and severely weakened national institutions. The lack of political authority has fueled the rise of criminal networks and triggered violent struggles among rival factions.

The absence of effective governance means:

• No law enforcement response to emergencies
• No reliable justice syste
• No accountability for gang violence
• Inability to protect foreign visitors

Political demonstrations and riots are frequent, unpredictable, and often turn violent.

Infrastructure Breakdown & Humanitarian Crisis

Haiti is experiencing a crippling humanitarian emergency:

• Hospitals lack electricity, medicine, and staff
• Fuel shortages affect transportation and medical services
• Roads between major cities are controlled by gangs or blocked
• Food insecurity and cholera outbreaks threaten public health

Traveling within the country is extremely dangerous due to road ambushes, burning barricades, and sudden violent clashes.

Natural Disaster Vulnerability

Haiti is prone to hurricanes, floods, landslides, and earthquakes. With a collapsed emergency response system, the government cannot provide safe evacuation or disaster relief.

No Safe Evacuation Routes

During major gang attacks or political unrest, airports may shut down or become inaccessible. Road travel is unsafe, and many foreigners have been trapped during crises.

Limited U.S. Embassy Assistance

Although the U.S. Embassy remains open, its ability to assist is severely restricted:

• Embassy staff cannot move freely
• U.S. officials cannot access many neighborhoods
• Evacuation may be impossible during unrest

This limited reach significantly influences the Level 4 warning.

8. Iran 

Iran is under a strict Level 4 – Do Not Travel advisory from the U.S. Department of State due to the country’s high risk of wrongful detention, political tensions with the United States, surveillance of foreigners, terrorism threats, internal unrest, and extremely limited consular support. American citizens have been detained in Iran for years under vague or fabricated charges, making travel to the country exceptionally dangerous.

High Risk of Wrongful Detention & Politically Motivated Arrests

The primary reason for the U.S. warning is Iran’s long-standing practice of arbitrarily detaining foreign nationals, especially those with Western ties. Americans have been arrested on accusations such as:

• “Espionage”
• “Acting against national security”
• “Propaganda against the state”
• “Collaborating with hostile powers”

These charges are intentionally vague and often politically motivated. Iranian security agencies may arrest travelers for:

• Posting photos of government buildings
• Having dual nationality
• Interacting with locals perceived as activists
• Carrying equipment like cameras, drones, laptops

Iran has a history of using detained foreigners as bargaining tools during political disputes.

Lack of U.S. Embassy or Consular Access

Since diplomatic relations ended in 1979, the U.S. has no embassy in Iran. American citizens detained or arrested in the country do not have access to U.S. consular officers. The Swiss Embassy provides limited “protecting power” services, but:

• They often cannot reach detainees
• Iran sometimes denies them access entirely
• They cannot influence the legal system

This means Americans have no guaranteed support if something goes wrong.

Government Surveillance & Control Over Foreigners

Iran’s intelligence services closely monitor foreigners. At airports, hotels, public spaces, and transportation hubs, travelers may be:

• Watched
• Questioned
• Followed
• Forced to hand over phones
• Blocked from communication

Internet access is restricted and heavily censored. VPN use can be considered suspicious.

Internal Unrest, Protests & Government Crackdowns

In recent years, Iran has seen repeated waves of protests—such as the 2022–2023 “Women, Life, Freedom” movement—leading to nationwide unrest. Government forces have responded with:

• Live ammunition
• Mass arrests
• Tear gas and rubber bullets
• Internet blackouts
  

Foreigners present at or near protest locations may be mistaken for activists or journalists and detained.

Terrorism & Regional Military Tensions

Iran is involved in multiple regional conflicts through proxy groups in Iraq, Syria, Yemen, Lebanon, and Gaza. This creates:

• Risk of terrorist attacks
• Missile or drone strikes
• Retaliation from foreign militaries
• Border closures and airspace disruptions

The U.S.–Iran political relationship remains tense, increasing the risk of Americans being targeted as leverage during diplomatic disputes.

Harsh Legal System & Severe Penalties

Iran’s laws include severe penalties for actions that would be minor offenses elsewhere:

• Alcohol possession
• Unapproved interactions with the opposite sex
• Dress code violations
• Photographing “sensitive sites”
• Currency exchanges outside official channels
  

Foreigners can be tried in Revolutionary Courts, which operate without transparency.

Risk to Dual Nationals

Iran does not recognize dual citizenship. Americans with Iranian heritage face the highest risk of detention, confiscation of passports, or being prevented from leaving the country.

9. Iraq 

Iraq remains under a Level 4 – Do Not Travel advisory due to persistent terrorism, militia violence, political instability, sectarian conflict, explosive remnants of war, and severe risks to U.S. citizens. Although Iraq has made progress since the defeat of ISIS’ territorial control, the country continues to suffer from fragile security and unpredictable violent outbreaks that pose extreme danger to foreign travelers.

High Threat of Terrorism & Militia Violence

Iraq continues to face attacks from ISIS sleeper cells and other extremist groups. These groups frequently conduct:

• Suicide bombings
• Car bomb attacks
• Roadside IED explosions
• Assassinations
• Attacks on military bases and public places

Additionally, Iranian-backed militias operate with significant power. These groups have targeted U.S. interests in Iraq with rocket strikes, drone attacks, and ambushes. Foreigners, especially Americans, may be viewed as political targets.

Kidnapping Risk for Foreign Nationals

Kidnapping for ransom or political leverage remains a major threat. Insurgent groups, criminal gangs, or militia factions may abduct travelers, a practice that has historically been used to pressure foreign governments. The danger extends to:

• Journalists
• Aid workers
• Contractors
• Tourists
• Dual nationals

Hostage situations in Iraq often last months and can end in violence.

Political Instability & Civil Unrest

Iraq experiences frequent anti-government protests, triggered by corruption, unemployment, and political gridlock. These demonstrations can escalate into violent clashes involving:

• Live ammunition
• Tear gas
• Burning barricades
• Road closures
• Attacks on government buildings

Foreigners caught even unintentionally near a protest may face arrest or harm.

Presence of Explosive Remnants of War

Large areas of Iraq still contain:

• Landmines
• Unexploded ordnance (UXO)
• Improvised explosive devices

Travel outside major cities is extremely dangerous due to hidden explosives left from decades of conflict.

Weak Infrastructure & Limited Emergency Response

Iraq’s medical system struggles with shortages in supplies, trained staff, and equipment. Ambulance services are limited, and emergency evacuation may be impossible.

Restricted U.S. Embassy Support

While the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad is operational, movement of embassy staff is heavily restricted. Assistance to Americans outside a few secured zones is limited or unavailable.

10. Lebanon 

Lebanon is under a Level 4 – Do Not Travel advisory due to rising regional conflict, severe economic collapse, terrorism threats, border clashes, internal unrest, and restricted U.S. government access. The country is experiencing one of the worst economic crises in modern history, compounded by political instability and security threats tied to regional tensions.

Economic Collapse & Humanitarian Breakdown

Lebanon’s currency has lost over 90% of its value, causing:

• Extreme inflation
• Fuel shortages
• Electricity blackouts
• Medication shortages
• Food insecurity

Hospitals struggle to operate due to lack of supplies and staff. Emergency services are unreliable, which significantly increases risks for foreign visitors.

Border Tensions With Israel & Syria

Southern Lebanon, especially regions near the Israeli border, experiences frequent clashes between:

• Hezbollah
• Israeli Defense Forces
• Other militia groups

Rocket exchanges and drone strikes occur unpredictably. In northern regions, instability spills over from Syria’s civil war.

Terrorism Threats

Multiple extremist groups operate in Lebanon, particularly near Palestinian refugee camps and border regions. Attacks have targeted:

• Government buildings
• Public gatherings
• Religious sites
• Security checkpoints

Foreigners may be at risk due to their perceived political alignment.

Civil Unrest & Violent Protests

Lebanon sees recurring protests fueled by:

• Economic collapse
• Public anger at government corruption
• Infrastructure failure

Demonstrations often turn violent and involve roadblocks, riots, and clashes with security forces.

Restricted U.S. Embassy Access

The U.S. Embassy severely limits staff movement and may not reach Americans during emergencies. Evacuation during conflict may be impossible.

11. Libya

Libya remains one of the most unstable countries in the world due to civil conflict, armed militias, terrorism, kidnapping, and absent national governance. The U.S. Department of State issues a Level-4 advisory because there is no functioning central government capable of protecting citizens or visitors.

Civil War & Armed Militias

Libya is divided between rival governments and dozens of militias controlling various territories. These groups frequently fight over:

• Oil fields
• Borders
• Urban neighborhoods
• Airports and ports

Foreigners may be targeted or mistaken for spies.

Kidnapping of Foreign Nationals

Libya has an extremely high rate of kidnappings, especially of:

• Business workers
• Aid personnel
• Dual nationals
• Contractors

Ransom kidnappings are common.

Terrorist Activity

ISIS and other extremist organizations operate in Libya, particularly in southern and western regions. Attacks involve:

• Car bombs
• Suicide attacks
• Kidnappings
• Attacks on hotels

No Embassy Support

The U.S. Embassy closed in 2014. The U.S. government cannot assist Americans in Libya.

12. Mali 

Mali faces severe terrorism threats, military coups, and instability. Extremist groups affiliated with ISIS and Al-Qaeda operate widely.

Insurgent Activity & Terrorism

Jihadist groups frequently target:

• Hotels
• Government buildings
• Convoys
• Villages
• Roads

Military Coups & Political Turmoil

Mali has experienced multiple coups in recent years, weakening government control.

Kidnappings

Foreigners are frequently abducted in northern and central regions.

Poor Infrastructure

Medical services are extremely limited, and roads are unsafe.

13. Niger

Niger is under Level-4 due to terrorism, border conflict, military coup instability, and kidnapping.

Post-Coup Instability

The 2023 coup destabilized governance, fueling violence and road insecurity.

Terrorist Activity

ISIS, Boko Haram, and Al-Qaeda groups target border zones.

Kidnapping of Foreigners

Westerners face a high risk of kidnapping near Mali, Libya, and Nigeria borders.

Limited Medical & Consular Access

The U.S. Embassy has restricted travel; evacuation may be impossible.

14. North Korea

North Korea (the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea) is under one of the strictest Level 4 – Do Not Travel warnings in the world. The primary reasons include extreme government repression, arbitrary detention, total surveillance, lack of diplomatic relations with the U.S., severe penalties for minor offenses, and zero access to consular support for Americans.

High Risk of Arrest & Wrongful Detention

North Korea frequently detains foreign nationals, including Americans, for actions that are considered harmless or legal in most countries, such as:

• Taking photos of buildings
• Talking to local
• Leaving hotel boundaries without permission
• Handling local currency incorrectly
• Owning religious materials
• Using unauthorized electronic devices
  

Arrests are often politically motivated. Detainees may be sentenced to long prison terms or forced labor for alleged “hostile acts against the state.”

No U.S. Embassy or Consular Support

The U.S. has no diplomatic relations with North Korea, meaning:

• No U.S. consular access
• No emergency assistance
• No way to attend court proceedings
• No ability to negotiate release

The Swedish Embassy in Pyongyang acts as the “protecting power,” but North Korea often denies access to American prisoners.

Total Government Surveillance

All foreigners are constantly monitored by government “minders.” Travelers cannot move freely and must:

• Follow strict routes
• Use assigned transportation
• Avoid photographing civilians, police, or military
• Violating these rules can lead to arrest.

Risk From Military Tensions

North Korea frequently engages in military provocations:

• Ballistic missile launches
• Nuclear tests
• Threats against neighboring countries
• Border clashes

Sudden escalations could trap foreigners inside the country with no evacuation routes.

Harsh Legal System

North Korea’s judicial system offers:

• No transparency
• No legal representation
• No appeal
• Punishments including 15+ years of hard labor

Americans are at particularly high risk of being used for political bargaining.

15. Russia 

Russia is under a Level 4 – Do Not Travel advisory due to the ongoing conflict with Ukraine, hostile actions toward U.S. citizens, arbitrary detentions, terrorism risks, anti-U.S. propaganda, and unpredictable internal security conditions.

Arbitrary Detentions & Targeting of Americans

Russia has detained American citizens—including journalists, business travelers, dual nationals, and tourists—on allegations such as:

• Espionage
• Spreading false information
• Violating immigration laws
• Undermining Russian security

Russia has used U.S. citizens in prisoner swaps, meaning Americans risk becoming political tools.

War With Ukraine

Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine presents severe security dangers:

• Missile strikes near border regions
• Military mobilization checkpoints
• Drone attacks on cities
• Border closures
• Airspace restrictions

Foreigners may be questioned about political allegiances or suspected of assisting Ukraine.

Anti-U.S. Sentiment & Government Surveillance

State propaganda frequently targets the U.S., increasing hostility toward American visitors. Security agencies routinely monitor foreigners, including:

• Hotel phone lines
• Internet use
• Social media
• Movement across cities

Terrorism & Internal Attacks

Extremist and separatist groups have carried out attacks in Moscow, the North Caucasus, and major urban centers. Suicide bombings and shootings remain a possibility.

Severe Penalties for Minor Offenses

Actions such as:

• Attending protests
• Photographing infrastructure
• Disrespecting armed forces
•  can result in arrest or heavy fines.

Limited Embassy Access

U.S. Embassy staff face travel restrictions and reduced operations, limiting the ability to assist detained U.S. citizens.

16. Somalia 

Somalia remains under a Level-4 advisory due to terrorism, piracy, clan conflict, kidnapping, and total lack of reliable security infrastructure.

High Threat of Terrorism (Al-Shabaab)

Al-Shabaab militants conduct:

• Suicide bombings
• Hotel attacks
• Car bombs
• Targeted killings
• Mass assaults on government buildings

Foreign nationals are at especially high risk.

Kidnapping & Ransom Groups

Both terrorist and criminal groups kidnap Westerners, especially:

• Aid workers
• Journalists
• Contractors

Hostages are moved between remote camps, making rescue nearly impossible.

Clan Conflict & Warlord Rule

Large regions are ruled by clan militias with no central authority. Road travel is dangerous due to illegal checkpoints and armed robbery.

Piracy Off the Coast

Somalia’s coastline remains one of the world’s highest-risk maritime zones for ship hijackings and kidnapping of crews.

Severely Limited Medical Care

Hospitals lack basic supplies, and emergency evacuations may not be possible.

17. South Sudan 

South Sudan faces ethnic conflict, political instability, armed violence, and humanitarian disaster, making it extremely unsafe.

Ethnic & Political Violence

Multiple factions—including government troops, rebel groups, and tribal militias—engage in:

• Village raids
  
• Road ambushes
  
• Armed clashes
  
• Mass killings
  

Violence can erupt at any time.

Humanitarian Crisis

Millions face:

• Famine
  
• Flooding
  
• Malnutrition
  
• Disease outbreaks (cholera, malaria)
  

Infrastructure is severely damaged.

Crime & Carjackings

Armed robbery and vehicle hijacking are common, especially in Juba.

Limited Government Support

Local police have almost no capability to protect foreigners.

Restricted U.S. Assistance

U.S. Embassy staff face movement limits, reducing ability to respond.

18. Sudan 

Sudan is under Level-4 due to civil war, military instability, airstrikes, humanitarian collapse, and lack of consular access.

Nationwide Conflict Between Rival Military Factions

The Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and Rapid Support Forces (RSF) are fighting in Khartoum, Darfur, and other regions. Clashes include:

• Airstrikes
• Heavy artillery
• House raids
• Street battles

Civilians are caught in crossfire.

Humanitarian Emergency

Millions lack:

• Food
• Clean water
• Medicine
• Electricity

Hospitals have been attacked or looted.

Extremely High Crime

Looting, armed robbery, and violence occur daily.

No Safe Evacuation

Airports are frequently closed or attacked.

Minimal U.S. Government Reach

Embassy operations were suspended; direct help is extremely limited.

19. Syria

Syria has been under a Level 4 – Do Not Travel advisory for more than a decade due to the ongoing civil war, presence of terrorist organizations, foreign military involvement, chemical weapon concerns, widespread destruction, and the absence of functioning government systems. For U.S. citizens, the risks are extraordinarily high and include kidnapping, wrongful detention, injury, death, and complete lack of consular support.

Ongoing Civil War & Complex Multi-Faction Conflict

Syria’s conflict involves government forces, opposition groups, Kurdish militias, ISIS remnants, foreign militaries (Russia, Turkey, Iran), and hundreds of local militias.
The situation is highly unstable, with:

• Airstrikes
• Barrel bomb attacks
• Drone strikes
• Artillery shelling
• Building collapses
• Street-to-street fighting

No region of Syria is fully safe, and violence can escalate without warning.

Terrorist Organizations

Groups such as:

• ISIS
• Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham
• Al-Qaeda affiliates

operate or have influence in several parts of the country. These groups have a long history of kidnapping and executing foreign nationals, including journalists and aid workers.

Kidnapping of Foreigners

U.S. citizens are at extreme risk of:

• Kidnapping for ransom
• Political hostage-taking
• Forced propaganda videos
• Long-term captivity

Several Americans remain missing after being abducted in Syria in past years.

Government Crackdowns & Wrongful Detention

The Syrian government routinely:

• Arrests foreigners
• Imposes harsh interrogations
• Confiscates passports
• Restricts movement
• Accuses travelers of espionage

Foreigners may be detained for entering without approved visas or crossing areas under opposition control.

Humanitarian Collapse

Millions of people live in destroyed cities with no functioning infrastructure. Travelers would face:

• Non-operational hospitals
• Lack of food, clean water, or electricity
• No safe transportation
• Dangerous rubble and unexploded bombs

Chemical Weapon Concerns

Past chemical attacks and contamination risks make certain areas hazardous even years later.

No U.S. Embassy Support

The U.S. Embassy in Damascus suspended operations in 2012.
If a U.S. citizen is detained, kidnapped, or injured, the U.S. government cannot intervene.

20. Venezuela

Venezuela remains under a Level 4 – Do Not Travel warning because of widespread crime, political instability, food and medicine shortages, kidnapping, corruption, and a collapsed healthcare system. The country’s deep economic crisis has made all travelers—especially Americans—high-value targets.

Extreme Crime & Violence

Venezuela has some of the highest crime rates in the world, including:

• Armed robbery
• Carjackings
• Express kidnappings
• Murder
• Home invasions

Criminal gangs control neighborhoods and roads, and often wear police uniforms to deceive victims.

Kidnapping for Ransom

Foreigners, including business travelers and journalists, have been kidnapped by:

• Gangs
• Paramilitary groups
• Corrupt security forces

Some kidnappings happen in taxis or at airports.

Economic Collapse & Shortages

Venezuela’s economic crisis has created:

• Hyperinflation
• Severe food shortages
• Lack of clean water
• Medication scarcity
• Fuel shortages

Hospitals lack electricity, sanitation, and life-saving medicines. A minor illness can become life-threatening.

Political Instability & Government Crackdowns

Tensions between the government and opposition groups result in:

• Violent protests
• Roadblocks
• Tear gas
• Arbitrary arrests
• Military involvement in public security

Americans risk being detained under accusations like “subversion” or “destabilization.”

Corrupt & Unreliable Security Forces

Police and military personnel are often involved in:

• Extortion
• Bribery
• Wrongful detentions
• Kidnappings

Foreigners have been targeted for financial gain.

Limited Embassy Access

After diplomatic disputes, consular operations are heavily restricted. U.S. citizens in danger may not receive help or evacuation.

21. Yemen

Yemen is under a Level 4 – Do Not Travel advisory due to the ongoing civil war, terrorism, airstrikes, famine, disease outbreaks, and collapsed public infrastructure. It is widely considered one of the world’s most dangerous conflict zones.

Active War Environment

The conflict involves:

• Houthi rebels
• Yemen government forces
• Tribal militias
• Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP)
• ISIS elements
• Foreign militaries (Saudi-led coalition, Iran-backed groups)

Daily events include:

• Airstrikes
• Missile attacks
• Drone strikes
• Naval blockades
• Explosions in cities
• Ground fighting

No area is immune to sudden violence.

Terrorist Organizations

Groups like AQAP actively target:

• Tourists
• Diplomats
• Aid workers
• Foreign companies

Kidnapping is a major risk.

Humanitarian Collapse

Yemen faces one of the most severe humanitarian crises globally:

• 80% of the population requires aid
• Widespread famine
• Cholera and dengue outbreaks
• Hospitals destroyed
• No stable electricity or clean water

Travelers would have zero access to medical services.

Kidnapping & Detention

Both terrorists and tribal groups kidnap foreigners for ransom or political advantage.
Houthi forces have detained journalists and foreigners, accusing them of espionage.

Airports & Roads Unsafe

Airports are frequently closed or bombed.
Roads between cities are controlled by various armed groups with checkpoints demanding payment or confiscating documents.

No U.S. Embassy Support

The U.S. Embassy suspended operations in 2015.
Americans cannot expect rescue, evacuation, or direct assistance.

Conclusion: Stay Alert, Stay Informed, Stay Safe

Travel is one of the world’s greatest privileges — but it must be approached with awareness, responsibility, and accurate information. The 21 countries highlighted in this guide reflect regions facing high-intensity conflict, political collapse, terrorism, and severe humanitarian emergencies. These are not typical travel risks; they are extreme dangers where foreign nationals, particularly Americans, face life-threatening conditions.

The U.S. State Department’s Level-4 “Do Not Travel” warnings are issued only when the risks outweigh any possible benefit of visiting. In many of these countries, consular access is limited or nonexistent, meaning that if something goes wrong — detention, injury, kidnapping, or medical emergency — the U.S. government cannot guarantee your safety or evacuation.

By understanding the conditions in each destination, you’re taking the most important step toward safe international travel: being informed.
For now, the best choice is to avoid these countries entirely and focus your travels on regions where infrastructure, safety, and support systems are stable.

Travel smart. Travel safe. And always check official advisories before booking your next trip — your safety must always come first.

If you need any travel-related information, you can always explore Top Line Hub.